THE FIRST diversion dam which is a structure designed to divert all or a portion of the flow of a river from its natural course was built by medieval Muslim engineers over the River Uzaym in Jabal Hamrin, Iraq. Many of these were later built in other parts of the Islamic world.Today a diversion dam is the term for a dam that diverts all or a portion of the flow of a river from its natural course. Diversion dams do not generally impound water in a reservoir. Instead, the water is diverted into an artificial water course or canal, which may be used for irrigation or return to the river after passing through hydroelectric generators, flow into a different river or be itself dammed forming a reservoir.The earliest diversion dam – and the second
oldest dam of any kind known – is the Ancient Egyptian Sadd-el-Kafara Dam at Wadi Al-Garawi, located about 25 kilometers south of Cairo. Built around 2600 BC for flood control, the structure was 102 m long at its base and 87 m wide. It was destroyed by a flood while still under constructionMorellos Dam is a Diversion Dam that is located in the Northern most part of the International land Boundary line and intersects the Colorado River. It was constructed by Mexico pursuant to the Water Treaty of 1944 for the purpose of giving Mexico utilization of waters from the Colorado River.
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